ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Advances in Urinary Liquid Biopsy: A Review of Emerging Sensing Platforms for Early Cancer Screening and Diagnosis.
Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Early screening of many types of cancers remains limited by the invasiveness of gold-standard tissue biopsies and the poor specificity of traditional clinical biomarkers like prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Non-invasive liquid biopsies are the emerging alternatives. Urine is one of the preferred body fluids for liquid biopsy as it offers a rich, easily accessible and large-volume source of cancer-specific metabolites, proteins, nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles, and cancer cells. This review reports the recent advancements in urinary cancer (bio)sensing technologies, including mainly optical and electrochemical platforms. To overcome the low specificity and detectability of the existing systems, novel nanomaterials, such as metal-organic frameworks, carbon dots, metal nanoparticles, and molecularly imprinted polymers, that offer increased surface area, cost-effectiveness and enzyme-free platforms, as well as accelerated electron transfer, were introduced to provide lower detection limits to the femtomolar and attomolar levels. Additionally, the integration of machine learning and artificial intelligence for biochemical "fingerprint" analysis enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Finally, we discuss the gap between novel sensing systems and robust diagnostic devices for decentralized point-of-care testing (POCT) and personalized medicine in clinical routine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.