SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Effects of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury on Glial Cells in a Rat Model: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review summarizes the effects of heavy metals, including lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd), on glial cells in experimental rat models. The analysis was based on scientific literature from the PubMed database, using keywords related to glial cells, lead, mercury, and cadmium, and rats. The reviewed studies included peer-reviewed original research articles and review papers in English. The reviewed literature highlights the mechanisms underlying heavy metal-induced neurotoxicity and their effects on the central nervous system (CNS). Exposure to Pb, Hg, and Cd was shown to influence glial cell function by promoting oxidative stress, increasing reactive oxygen species production, enhancing inflammatory responses, and disrupting blood-brain barrier integrity. These metals may also affect circadian regulation and alter melatonin distribution within the CNS. These changes contribute to morphological, physiological, and developmental alterations in glial cells. The findings indicate that glial cells represent a valuable model for investigating metal-induced cytotoxicity and neurotoxic mechanisms. Rat strains such as Sprague-Dawley and Wistar are widely used experimental models for studying CNS alterations throughout different stages of development. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity is essential for developing effective strategies to prevent and mitigate the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on the nervous system.
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Registered trials
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