ArticleBiology2026
Auditory-Olfactory Integration in Simulated Natural Environments Dissociates Neural and Subjective Responses in Visually Impaired Individuals.
Article in Biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Visually impaired individuals rely on cross-modal plasticity to compensate for absent visual input, yet the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying naturalistic auditory-olfactory integration remain poorly characterized. This study investigated how combined auditory and olfactory cues in representative landscape scenarios modulate cortical activity and multidimensional perceptual experience in 20 visually impaired participants. Five ecologically distinct scenarios-wooded resting areas, dynamic water features, aromatic planting beds, open lawns, and hard-paved plazas-were simulated using synchronized playback of field-recorded soundscapes and calibrated odor diffusion systems. Participants completed standardized ratings across auditory, olfactory, and integrated perceptual dimensions while electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings were acquired. Occipital α/β ratios (O1/O2) served as the primary neurophysiological index of cortical relaxation. Results demonstrated a dissociation between explicit hedonic appraisal and implicit neurophysiological response: dynamic water soundscapes dominated subjective preference ratings, whereas floral olfactory cues in low-amplitude acoustic contexts elicited the highest α/β ratios, significantly exceeding those recorded in wooded and open lawn scenarios. Odor familiarity correlated inversely with α/β elevation (r = -0.46,
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