ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026
Clinical Stage-Specific Alteration of hsa-miR-424-5p in Milk Small Extracellular Vesicles from Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection to Progression of Enzootic Bovine Leukosis.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an oncogenic retrovirus responsible for enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) in cattle. Previous studies indicated that increased levels of the miRNA hsa-miR-424-5p in milk small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) may serve as an EBL biomarker in cattle; however, its alteration across the clinical stages of BLV infection to the onset of EBL remains unclear. This study evaluated the prognostic potential of hsa-miR-424-5p in milk sEVs across distinct clinical stages of BLV infection to EBL onset. qPCR analysis showed that the abundance of hsa-miR-424-5p was lower in milk sEVs from BLV-infected cattle with low and high proviral load (LPVL and HPVL) compared to BLV-uninfected healthy cattle (Control), but was not significant (
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