ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Polymeric Sealing Materials in Pneumatic Actuators: From Degradation Mechanisms to Failure Diagnostics and Service-Life Prediction.
Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polymeric sealing materials play a critical role in the reliability, efficiency, and dynamic performance of pneumatic actuators. Their long-term behavior is governed by the interaction between polymer structure, operating conditions, degradation mechanisms, tribological damage, and loss of sealing functionality. This review compares the principal sealing materials used or considered for pneumatic systems, including polyurethane (PU), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), fluoroelastomers (FKM), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), silicone elastomers, and PTFE-based materials. Particular attention is given to thermo-oxidative aging, hydrolysis, crosslinking, chain scission, swelling, compression set, fatigue, and wear. Their selection involves trade-offs between friction, wear resistance, chemical and thermal stability, elastic recovery, compression set, and leakage performance. Material-characterization and condition-assessment methods, including scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), thermal analysis, mechanical testing, and tribological measurements, are evaluated with respect to their ability to detect material deterioration. Accelerated-aging and service-life prediction approaches are also discussed. The literature shows that no single material is optimal under all pneumatic operating conditions and that material degradation does not necessarily coincide with functional failure. Future research should therefore integrate physicochemical diagnostics with friction, leakage, and actuator-performance measurements to develop reliable degradation-state and remaining-life models for pneumatic sealing systems. This review compares the principal sealing materials used in pneumatic systems, including PU/TPU, NBR, HNBR, FKM, EPDM, silicone elastomers, and PTFE-based materials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.