Response Surface-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation-Based Inverse Mix Design and Strength Mechanisms of Waste Rock-Unclassified Tailings Cemented Backfill.

Junhui Yao, Dongyang Liu, Junhui Zhang, Dong Liang, Jinyuan Li, Hui Chen

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Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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6 authors.

Junhui YaoKey Laboratory of Green and Efficient Mining and Ecological Restoration in High-Altitude Arid Regions of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830047, China.

Dongyang LiuKey Laboratory of Green and Efficient Mining and Ecological Restoration in High-Altitude Arid Regions of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830047, China.

Junhui ZhangKey Laboratory of Green and Efficient Mining and Ecological Restoration in High-Altitude Arid Regions of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830047, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4398-8568

Dong LiangChina National Gold Engineering Co., Ltd., Mining Branch, Xi'an 710000, China.

Jinyuan LiKey Laboratory of Green and Efficient Mining and Ecological Restoration in High-Altitude Arid Regions of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830047, China.

Hui ChenKey Laboratory of Green and Efficient Mining and Ecological Restoration in High-Altitude Arid Regions of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830047, China.

Funding

Key Research and Development Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 2025B01005-2Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 2024D01C245Xinjiang University's National Innovative Training Program for College Students 20252703207

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study developed a coupled response surface methodology-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (RSM-FCE) approach for the inverse mix design of waste rock-unclassified tailings cemented backfill under a target-strength constraint. The unclassified tailings replacement ratio, aggregate-to-cement ratio, and slurry solids concentration were selected as the key factors. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to establish a response-surface model for 28 d uniaxial compressive strength (UCS). Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was then used to screen candidate mix-design ranges, while low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate microstructural features associated with strength development. The main effects on UCS decreased in the order of aggregate-to-cement ratio, slurry solids concentration, and unclassified tailings replacement ratio. The strongest interaction occurred between the aggregate-to-cement ratio and slurry solids concentration. Fine-particle filling, hydration-product infilling, interparticle bonding, reduced free water, and suppressed bleeding jointly refined the pore structure and promoted a continuous bonding network and matrix densification. The coupled RSM-FCE analysis identified candidate ranges of 35-40% for the unclassified tailings replacement ratio, 4-6 for the aggregate-to-cement ratio, and 84-86% for the slurry solids concentration. The measured 28 d UCS values ranged from 5.24 to 9.21 MPa and all met the mine's target-strength requirement.

Indexed as

fuzzy comprehensive evaluationinverse mix designresponse surface methodologystrength mechanismwaste rock–unclassified tailings cemented backfill

Identifiers

PMID42882688

DOI10.3390/ma19194189

PMCPMC13666134

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.