ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Facile Fabrication of Double-Shell PA-MEL@PU@CFO Microcapsules and Their Fire Suppression Performance in Confined Spaces.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Novel double-shell PA-MEL@PU@CFO microcapsules were successfully prepared by further coating the as-prepared PU@CFO microcapsules with the outer shell of phytic acid-melamine salt (PA-MEL). The fire suppression performance was then investigated in a simulated confined space experimental device. Effects of the emulsification conditions on the morphology of microcapsules were investigated in detail. Systematic characterization results demonstrated that the double-shell structure was successfully constructed. PA-MEL@PU@CFO microcapsules fabricated under the optimal emulsification conditions exhibited regular spherical morphology with rough flocculent surface and uniform particle size. The introduction of the outer PA-MEL shell raises the release temperature of core material, thereby improving the low-temperature storage stability of the microcapsules and facilitating their storage and transportation. PA-MEL@PU@CFO microcapsules exhibited favorable storage stability overall, with a relatively high core content of 53.18%. PA-MEL@PU@CFO microcapsules demonstrated excellent flame retardant and fire-extinguishing performance for the fires in confined spaces at the incipient fire stage, reducing the maximum flame temperature by 238.6 °C, shortening the extinguishing time by 53 s, and effectively inhibiting flame re-ignition. PA-MEL@PU@CFO microcapsules achieved efficient fire suppression by a synergistic effect of physical cooling, chemical suppression and phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic flame retardancy. PA-MEL@PU@CFO microcapsules hold great practical application potential in practical application such as anti-flame coatings and lithium-ion batteries.
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