ReviewHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Nosocomial Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the Post-Pandemic Era: Evolving Epidemiology and Integrated Prevention Strategies.
Review in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesPandemic non-pharmaceutical interventions virtually eliminated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) circulation in 2020-2021, and their relaxation was followed by unprecedented off-season resurgences. This narrative review, informed by a structured literature search, synthesizes current evidence on healthcare-associated RSV (HA-RSV), including transmission dynamics, vulnerable inpatient populations, and integrated prevention strategies, in the post-pandemic era.
methodsWe searched PubMed/MEDLINE and Europe PMC (January 2000-October 2025) using two complementary strategies, supplemented by WHO and CDC guidance. Primary hospital-based studies reporting laboratory-confirmed HA-RSV cases formed the core evidence set; surveillance reports, systematic reviews, and guidance were used as labeled contextual evidence and synthesized narratively.
resultsTwenty-nine primary studies from neonatal, pediatric, adult, geriatric, and immunocompromised settings provided direct evidence on HA-RSV, which accounted for 3-15% of RSV hospitalizations depending on setting and case definition and was associated with prolonged stay, escalation of respiratory support, higher costs, and, in children, higher mortality than community-onset infection. Universal masking and pre-admission screening were followed by reductions in HA-RSV in most before-after studies. Post-pandemic surveillance shows earlier, less predictable RSV activity and periods of concurrent circulation with influenza and SARS-CoV-2. RSV spreads mainly through short-range respiratory particles and contaminated hands and surfaces; asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic healthcare workers are one potential source of introduction.
conclusionsPrevention of HA-RSV rests on hand hygiene, transmission-based precautions, environmental disinfection, rapid molecular diagnostics, and supportive healthcare-worker and visitor policies, escalated according to local surveillance rather than the calendar. Immunoprophylaxis and vaccination reduce severe RSV disease in eligible groups, but direct evidence that they prevent healthcare-associated transmission is lacking.
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