ArticleBMC psychology2026
The relationship between surgical fear, spiritual well-being, and religious coping in patients scheduled for open heart surgery: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundOpen-heart surgery involves surgical fear as a frequently experienced condition in patients because of uncertainty, perception of death, pain, and intense stress. In this process, spiritual well-being and religious coping mechanisms stand out as important psychosocial resources that can influence how patients cope with fear and anxiety. The study aimed to determine the relationship between surgical fear, spiritual well-being, and religious coping in patients scheduled for open-heart surgery.
methodThis was a cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. The study was conducted with patients scheduled for open-heart surgery in the cardiovascular surgery department of a university hospital in eastern Turkiye. Data were collected during the preoperative period between March and October 2025. Participants who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate were recruited using a convenience sampling method. The study was completed with 179 patients. The data were collected using the "Personal Information Form", "Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ)", "3-Factor Spiritual Well-being Scale (3F-SWBS)", and "Religious Coping Scale (RCS)". Descriptive statistics (percentages, mean values, frequencies, and standard deviation values), t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for analyses. Also, stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing surgical fear.
resultsThe average age of the patients was 64.99 ± 9.27 years. The mean SFQ score was 22.69 ± 19.79, the mean 3F-SWBS score was 124.78 ± 12.04, the positive religious coping score was 26.21 ± 2.87, and the negative religious coping score was 10.05 ± 3.59. 3F-Spiritual well-being (Beta = -0.282 ; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with surgical fear, followed by negative religious coping (Beta = 0.208; p=0.005 p) and having previous non-cardiac surgery (Beta = 0.166; p=0.019 p).
conclusionThe study found that patients reported low levels of surgical fear, high levels of spiritual well-being, and positive religious coping, alongside low levels of negative religious coping. Higher spiritual well-being was associated with lower surgical fear, whereas higher negative religious coping and a history of previous non-cardiac surgery were associated with higher surgical fear.
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