Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42881382›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2026

Body image disturbance and body dysmorphic symptoms among Bangladeshi university students: associated factors and Bayesian network analysis.

Firoj Al-Mamun, S M Rakibul Hasan, Susmita Hossain, Tasnim Tamanna, Faria Tasmin, Monim Abdullah, Farzana Akter Srabony, Asif Ahammed, Md Al Mamunur Rashid, Rayhadul Islam and 21 more

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Article in BMC psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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31 authors.

Firoj Al-MamunCHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
S M Rakibul HasanDepartment of Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Susmita HossainCHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Tasnim TamannaDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Akij College of Home Economics (Constituent College of University of Dhaka), Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
Faria TasminDepartment of Public Health and Informatics, Bangladesh Medical University, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Monim AbdullahDepartment of Urban and Regional Planning, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Farzana Akter SrabonyDepartment of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Asif AhammedDepartment of Development Studies, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh.
Md Al Mamunur RashidDepartment of Sociology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh.
Rayhadul IslamDepartment of Public Health, Northern University of Bangladesh, Mymensingh, 2280, Bangladesh.
Ehteshamul HaqueDepartment of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, 1348, Bangladesh.
Md Abdur RahmanDepartment of Sociology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh.
Dipayan MojumderDepartment of Dental Radiology, Dhaka Dental College, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
Ashfiya Jannat AishyDepartment of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Sharmin KhatunDepartment of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Nobendo Paul ShantoDepartment of Public Health & Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Janifar AlamDepartment of Development Studies, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
Al Nahian AlamDepartment of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Md Majharul IslamCHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Yasmin AkterDepartment of Public Health and Bioinformatics, Asian University for Women, Chittagong, 4100, Bangladesh.
Jahid HasanInstitute of Epidemiology, Disease Control & Research, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
Ruhul AminDepartment of Physiotherapy, Saic College of Medical Science and Technology, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh.
Md Abdul HalimDepartment of Public Administration, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Zannatul Ferdous ZannatMarks Medical College, Dhaka, 1206, Bangladesh.
Sabiha SiddikaDepartment of Public Administration, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Fatima Nahrin RaisaDr. Sirajul Islam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh.
Nahid Afrin NisaDepartment of Epidemiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
Shamim AhmedDepartment of Anthropology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
Abdullah Al HabibCHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Moneerah Mohammad AlmerabDepartment of Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11564, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed A MamunCHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh. mamun@thechinta.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBody image disturbance and body dysmorphic symptoms are important appearance-related mental health concerns among university students, yet evidence from Bangladesh remains limited. This study examined factors associated with body image disturbance and body dysmorphic symptoms among Bangladeshi university students and explored their conditional dependency structure using Bayesian network analysis.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,401 residential students at Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh, between December 2024 and January 2025. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire assessing sociodemographic, behavioral, psychosocial, mental health, eating-related, appearance-related, and body image variables. Bivariate analyses, multiple linear regression with HC3 robust standard errors, and theory-informed conditional Gaussian Bayesian network analysis were performed. The Bayesian network used 1,297 complete cases, 23 nodes, and 1,000 bootstrap replications.

resultsMean body image disturbance was 12.00 (SD = 5.39), and mean body dysmorphic symptoms were 3.37 (SD = 2.76). In adjusted models, female gender, traditional bullying, cyberbullying, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, eating disorder risk, and several appearance-specific discomfort variables were associated with higher body image disturbance and/or body dysmorphic symptoms. BMI was not independently associated with either outcome. The regression models explained 24.3% of the variance in body image disturbance and 21.4% of the variance in body dysmorphic symptoms. The averaged Bayesian network retained 13 arcs, including stable dependencies between body image disturbance and body dysmorphic symptoms, cyberbullying and body image disturbance, and anxiety symptoms and body dysmorphic symptoms.

conclusionsBody image disturbance and body dysmorphic symptoms among Bangladeshi university students were associated with psychological, interpersonal, eating-related, and appearance-specific factors. Bayesian network analysis suggested exploratory conditional dependency patterns among these variables. Findings should be interpreted as cross-sectional associations rather than causal pathways and may inform integrated university-based mental health, body image, and anti-bullying support strategies. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Body Dysmorphic DisordersBody ImageStudentsAdolescentAdultAnxietyBangladeshBayes TheoremBullyingCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesUniversitiesYoung AdultBangladeshBayesian network analysisBody dysmorphic symptomsBody imageBullying

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PMID42881382

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