ReviewProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2026
Gut Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: Friends or Foes?
Review in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The gut microbiota has emerged as a key regulator of cancer biology through its dynamic interaction with host immunity, metabolism, and cellular signaling. Recent evidence highlights that gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles (GMEVs), nanosized bi-layered particles secreted by gut bacteria, play a pivotal role in mediating microbiota-host communications. Unlike whole bacteria, GMEVs can cross epithelial and vascular barriers, circulate systemically, and deliver bioactive cargo including proteins, nucleic acid, and metabolites to distant organs exerting profound effects on tumor development and therapy. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the dual role of GMEVs in cancer. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar without time restrictions using standardized keywords related to gut microbiota, extracellular vesicles, and cancer. Studies were included based on relevance to GMEVs biogenesis, mechanisms of host interaction, and functional roles in cancer hallmarks. Within the Yin-Yang conceptual framework, GMEVs associated with pathogenic or dysbiotic microbial states may promote tumorigenesis as demonstrated by vesicles derived from Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Enterococcus faecalis foster tumorigenesis by inducing inflammation, sustaining proliferative signaling, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition, reprogramming cellular metabolism, and enabling immune evasion. Conversely, GMEVs derived from beneficial or commensal bacteria may exhibit therapeutic potential, particularly those from Akkermansia muciniphila, Lactobacillus plantarum, and attenuated Escherichia coli, which have demonstrated therapeutic effects by restoring intestinal homeostasis, suppressing tumor-associated inflammation, enhancing antitumor efficacy, and serving as natural delivery systems for targeted therapy and cancer vaccines. Understanding the complex Yin-Yang paradigm of GMEVs offers exciting opportunities in oncology. Future research should focus on mechanistic validation, biosafety profiling, and clinical translation of GMEV based-therapeutics.
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Identifiers
42879097What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.