Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42879091›Full record

SynthesisApplied health economics and health policy2026

Cost-Effectiveness of Community Health Worker Interventions for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.

Laura R Porterfield, H Shelton Brown, Dallin Swanson, Revathi Gnanasekaran, Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa, Xiaoying Yu, Elizabeth M Vaughan

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Applied health economics and health policy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Laura R PorterfieldDepartment of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA. lauporte@utmb.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-144X
H Shelton BrownDepartment of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9727-3432
Dallin SwansonSchool of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1457-3910
Revathi GnanasekaranDepartment of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
Patricia Rodriguez EspinosaDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-305X
Xiaoying YuDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1659-2365
Elizabeth M VaughanDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-0134

Funding

NIDDK NIH HHS DK129474
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundType 2 diabetes contributes substantially to healthcare costs, disability, and premature mortality worldwide. Although community health worker (CHW) interventions improve glycemic outcomes and address social determinants of health, current cost-effectiveness evidence has not been systematically synthesized. We reviewed the economic evidence for CHW interventions in type 2 diabetes management.

methodsWe searched Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, and ProQuest from inception through August 2025 for peer-reviewed primary studies evaluating economic outcomes of CHW interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes. We extracted data and assessed study quality. Owing to heterogeneity in design, cost reporting, and limited variance estimates, we conducted a narrative synthesis.

resultsOf 753 records, 11 met inclusion criteria. All studies focused on low-income and/or ethnic minority populations. Ten reported program costs ($29-6235 per patient/year; 2025 USD). Nine reported incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Two of three short-term studies (< 5 years) found interventions cost-effective; all six long-term studies (≥ 20 years) found the same.

conclusionsAvailable evidence suggests that CHW interventions are likely cost-effective for adults with T2D, particularly when evaluated over longer time horizons. PROSPERO REGISTRATION: CRD420251101900. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251101900 .

Identifiers

PMID42879091

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.