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ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2026

Emotion dynamics as indicators of maladaptive emotions in patients with cancer.

G Elise Doppenberg-Smit, Femke Lamers, Annemarie M J Braamse, Hans Pruijt, Evelien J M Kuip, Inge M Werter, Rune A W van de Wetering, Henk M W Verheul, Aartjan T F Beekman, Joost Dekker and 2 more

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Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

G Elise Doppenberg-SmitDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. g.e.doppenberg@amsterdamumc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-7567-1680
Femke LamersDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-5766
Annemarie M J BraamseMental Health Program, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3216-6753
Hans PruijtDepartment of Medical Oncology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch, the Netherlands.
Evelien J M KuipDepartment of Medical Oncology, Radboud Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Inge M WerterDepartment of Medical Oncology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands.
Rune A W van de WeteringDepartment of Medical Oncology, Slingeland Ziekenhuis, Doetinchem, the Netherlands.
Henk M W VerheulDepartment of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Aartjan T F BeekmanDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Joost DekkerDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2027-0027
Adriaan W HoogendoornDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Myra E van LindeCancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Funding

KWF Kankerbestrijding grant 11839
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePatients with cancer frequently experience a wide range of emotions in response to their diagnosis and treatment. Emotions are essentially adaptive, helping patients to cope with the disease. In a minority of patients, however, emotions may become maladaptive and warrant professional mental healthcare. In the field of psycho-oncology, the intensity of emotions is used to distinguish between adaptive and maladaptive emotions. Emotion dynamics (that is changes in emotions over time) may provide additional information on the adaptiveness of the emotions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether emotion dynamics (specifically inertia, variability, and instability) as well as emotion intensity are indicators of maladaptive emotions.

methodPatients with a solid malignancy (metastatic and non-metastatic disease; n = 132) were categorized as having adaptive or maladaptive emotions based on one of two reference standards: the psychiatric diagnostic assessment or the subjective need for professional mental healthcare. Patients reported on eight negative emotional symptoms for 14 days using Ecological Momentary Assessment on their mobile phone. Autocorrelation (inertia), standard deviation (variability), root mean square successive differences (instability), and emotional intensity were compared between patients with adaptive or maladaptive emotions using t-tests.

resultsVariability and instability as well as intensity were higher in patients with maladaptive emotions, compared to patients with adaptive emotions. Little evidence was found that patients with maladaptive emotions experienced more emotional inertia.

conclusionThis is the first study to report that in patients with cancer, emotional instability and variability are indicators of maladaptive emotions, in addition to the intensity of emotions.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalEmotionsNeoplasmsAdultAgedEcological Momentary AssessmentFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedAdaptationCancerEmotion dynamicsSymptoms

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