ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026
Effect of Dietary Papaya (Carica papaya) Leaf Meal on Growth Performance and Haematological Responses of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings Reared in a Recirculating Aquaculture System.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
In the pursuit of sustainable aquaculture, the integration of unconventional plant-based feed additives like papaya leaf meal (PLM) offers a promising approach for enhancing fish growth while reducing feed costs and environmental impact. To evaluate the efficacy of PLM as a growth promoter, four experimental diets were formulated by gradually incorporating PLM at inclusion levels of 0%, 3%, 6% and 9%. Nile tilapia fingerlings were cultured over a 60-day period within a recirculating aquaculture system comprising 12 tanks, with three replicates assigned to each treatment group. Fish were fed twice daily at a rate corresponding to 3% of their body weight. The diet with the highest inclusion of PLM (9%) resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) improved mean weight gain (11.44 g), per cent weight gain (82.67%), specific growth rate (SGR) (1.06%/day), feed conversion ratio (2.23), feed conversion efficiency (0.44), protein efficiency ratio (1.28) and overall fish yield (2.04 kg/m
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