ArticleRSC advances2026
Synergistic collaboration between an emulsifier, surfactant and penetrant for rapid low-shear emulsification to enhance heavy-oil recovery.
Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Developing a viscosity reducer that can rapidly emulsify heavy oil and reduce its viscosity under low shear conditions is crucial for improving the oil recovery efficiency but remain a challenge unsolved. In this paper, a high-performance emulsifier (sodium isomeric tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, E-1311P), a surfactant (disodium 4-dodecyl-2,4'-oxydibenzenesulfonate, DPEDS-12) and penetrant (methyl 3-nonenoate, M3N) were introduced and evaluated for enhance heavy-oil recovery. The emulsification and viscosity reduction performance of the emulsifier-surfactant-penetrant formulation was systematically evaluated through measurements of viscosity reduction, emulsification time, droplet size, oil-water interfacial tension, contact angle, and core-flooding performance. The addition of DPEDS-12 and M3N markedly improved the overall performance of E-1311P, with the optimal formulation comprising 0.30 wt% E-1311P, 0.10 wt% DPEDS-12, and 0.05 wt% M3N. At a shear rate of 7.34 s
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