ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease reports
Macronutrient energy ratios and cognitive health in older adults: A binational study of nonlinear associations and mortality links.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The impact of dietary macronutrient composition on cognitive aging and Alzheimer's disease risk remains inadequately characterized. Objective: To investigate the associations of carbohydrate, protein, and fat energy ratios with cognitive function and all-cause mortality among older adults in this binational study. Methods: We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011-2014; N = 2510) and the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, 1997-2006; N = 1600). Cognitive function was assessed using standardized composite z-scores. Associations were evaluated using weighted logistic regression (NHANES) and linear mixed-effects models (CHNS), with restricted cubic splines to examine nonlinearity. Cox models assessed mortality risk in NHANES. Results: A higher carbohydrate ratio (CRC) exhibited a nonlinear inverse U-shaped association with the risk of cognitive impairment, with a significant threshold effect observed at approximately 48.5% of total energy intake. Moderate protein intake (PRC = 0.125-0.153, representing approximately 15% of energy from protein) was associated with the lowest risk of cognitive impairment in both cohorts. The fat ratio (FRC) demonstrated a complex nonlinear association, with cognitive risk increasing significantly when FRC fell below 33.2%. Lower CRC was associated with reduced all-cause mortality in the U.S. cohort (HRs for the lower quartiles: 0.68-0.72). Conclusions: Modifiable macronutrient ratios are significantly associated with cognitive health and survival in older adults, with consistent findings across U.S. and Chinese populations. These results support dietary strategies that emphasize moderate carbohydrate intake (below approximately 48.5% of total energy) and balanced protein consumption (approximately 15% of energy) to promote cognitive health.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.