Observational studyFrontiers in public health2026
Personal earplug fit testing identifies below-target attenuation in nearly two-thirds of military aviation personnel: a retrospective analysis of results before and after individualized instruction.
Observational study in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) remains an important occupational health problem, especially in high-intensity noise work settings. Although disposable foam earplugs (DFE) are widely used, the protection they provide depends on how well they are fitted. We examined initial earplug attenuation in military aviation personnel, the change observed after individualized on-site instruction and repeat fitting among participants initially below target, and the association between previous instruction and baseline attenuation. Methods: This retrospective, single-center observational study analyzed routinely collected occupational-health fit-testing data from 183 military aviation personnel evaluated between 2020 and 2022. Mean age was 22.84 ± 6.23 years, and 91.3% were male. Earplug attenuation was measured using the 3M E-A-Rfit Dual-Ear Validation System. Participants with mean binaural attenuation below 20 dB received individualized on-site instruction and repeated the fitting procedure. Results: During initial fitting, 118 participants (64.5%) did not achieve the 20 dB target. In this group, mean binaural attenuation rose from 14.47 to 22.57 dB after instruction and repeat fitting, an improvement of 8.10 dB ( Conclusion: Quantitative fit testing identified inadequate initial attenuation in nearly two-thirds of the personnel assessed. Brief individualized instruction followed by repeat fitting was associated with a substantial improvement in attenuation among those initially below target. Incorporating personal fit testing and targeted instruction into occupational hearing-conservation programs may improve protection against NIHL.
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