ArticleThoracic cancer2026
Efficacy and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Lung Cancer Complicated by Interstitial Pneumonia: The CS-Lung 003 Study, Branch Number 28.
Article in Thoracic cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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15 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve the prognosis of patients with previously treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the efficacy and safety of ICIs for patients with NSCLC complicated with interstitial pneumonia (IP) remain unknown. This study aimed to analyze patients with NSCLC and IP treated with ICIs and to investigate the efficacy and exacerbation frequency of ICI therapy.
methodsWe prospectively enrolled patients with NSCLC and IP at multiple centers and examined progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using the Kaplan-Meier method.
resultsThe median PFS was 5.8 months, and the median OS was 9.7 months. ICI-related lung injury was observed in seven of the 19 patients (36.8%). Pneumonitis was observed in one of five patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and in six of 14 patients with a non-UIP pattern; however, there was no significant difference in onset frequency. Furthermore, we observed no significant difference in PFS between patients with and without ICI-related pneumonitis (6.8 vs. 3.3 months, respectively; p = 0.826). OS tended to be shorter in patients with ICI-related pneumonitis, but the difference was not significant (8.0 vs. 16.7 months, respectively; p = 0.172).
conclusionsThe use of ICIs in patients with NSCLC and IP produces long-term responses in some cases; however, there is a high possibility of ICI-related pneumonitis. In cases where the condition worsens, post-treatment may be difficult, and the prognosis may be poor.
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