ArticleRenal failure2026
Perceived severity and benefits show a preliminary conditional association with kidney-protective behaviors in type 2 diabetes with early kidney function decline: an exploratory health belief model analysis.
Article in Renal failure, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease, and early-stage CKD represents a critical window to slow progression through self-management behaviors. The Health Belief Model (HBM) posits that perceived severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy shape health behaviors; however, whether these constructs operate independently or interact in adults with type 2 diabetes and early kidney function decline remains unclear. This cross-sectional study examined four selected HBM constructs-perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy-both individually and through their interaction, as predictors of self-reported kidney-protective health behaviors, assessed simultaneously
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