Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42875821›Full record

ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Toward Rational Design of Aqueous Battery Membranes Beyond the Selectivity-Conductivity Trade-Off.

Jinkang Liu, Mingbo Xie, Zhenghao Wang, Huacun Li, Jun Xie, Pan Liu, Qingwei Wang, Xu Yan, Meiqing Shi, Liyuan Chai and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jinkang Liu *School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4766-2591
Mingbo Xie *School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Zhenghao WangSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2676-7683
Huacun LiSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Jun XieSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Pan LiuSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Qingwei WangSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Xu YanSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Meiqing ShiSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Liyuan ChaiSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.
Yue LuoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9786-6427
Zining TangDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6307-6586
Rui TanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9278-7327
Liyuan ZhangSchool of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-5607

Funding

Jiangxi Province Introduced and Co-built R&D Institutions 20244BCF61002Key R&D Program of Jiangxi Province, China 20252BCF320029National Key R&D Program of China 2024YFC3907602Program of Hunan Province 2025RC3034Program of Hunan Province RGS∖R2∖252134
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electrochemical energy-storage systems increasingly require membranes that can simultaneously deliver fast ion transport, suppressed active-species crossover, chemical and dimensional stability, and scalable manufacturability. Yet conventional membrane platforms still struggle to reconcile conductivity with selectivity, while durability and processability remain important practical constraints. Sulfonic-acid-based membranes are particularly attractive because they combine strong acidity, fixed-charge character, and tunable hydrated ionic domains. Together, these features make sulfonic acid groups a versatile design element for regulating transport, exclusion, swelling, and membrane processability. Although these features have been most extensively explored in redox flow batteries, the resulting insights are also highly relevant to the broader design of next-generation energy-storage membranes. This review therefore uses sulfonic-acid-based membranes in redox flow batteries as a representative platform to extract transferable design principles. It covers proton-transport mechanisms, synthetic and microstructural design strategies, representative fluorinated and non-fluorinated membrane classes with flexible and rigid architectures, and their roles in vanadium, zinc, and emerging organic redox flow batteries. It further discusses cost, durability, dimensional stability, scale-up, and future opportunities in localized sulfonic-acid placement, biomass-derived membranes, and data-driven design. By clarifying structure-transport-manufacturing relationships, this review extracts general design principles for advanced membranes across electrochemical energy-storage systems.

Indexed as

membrane designproton transport ion selectivityredox flow batteriessulfonic‐acid‐based membranes

Identifiers

PMID42875821
PMCPMC13669211

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.