ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2026
Feasibility of Implementing a Pharmacist-Integrated Collaborative Model for Opioid Use Disorder: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05310786 (Implementing a Pharmacist-Integrated Collaborative Model of Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
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Implementing a Pharmacist-Integrated Collaborative Model of Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAddressing the opioid crisis requires an interdisciplinary approach. Pharmacists may provide medication expertise to primary care addiction teams.
objectiveTo determine whether implementing a pharmacist-integrated model of care for opioid use disorder (PrIMO) was feasible and acceptable.
designNonrandomized mixed-methods longitudinal feasibility/implementation trial conducted from March 2022 to October 2024.
participantsFour primary care sites with retail pharmacies and clinical pharmacists. Participants were adults employed by the clinics and adult patients receiving medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) exposed to PrIMO for at least 2 weeks. Site staff (provider, pharmacists, leadership) were surveyed for 15 months (80.6% follow-up completion) and patients for 6 months (75.5% follow-up completion).
interventionPharmacist-integrated MOUD. MAIN MEASURES: Primary: Feasibility (PrIMO launch). Secondary: acceptability (survey and interview data) and impact (electronic health record data). KEY
resultsAll sites launched PrIMO (100%) and maintained it for at least 1 year. From 3 months pre- to 1 year post-launch, site staff reported fewer barriers to providing MOUD (m [SD] 2.2 [0.8] to 1.8 [0.5], 1-4-point scale), increased knowledge of MOUD (3.8 [0.4] to 4.0 [0.5], 1-5-point scale), and steady acceptability by providers/pharmacists (2.1 [0.3] to 2.0 [0.4], 0-3-point scale) and leadership (2.1 [0.3] to 2.0 [0.4], 0-3-point scale). Patients reported less stigma (3.1 [1.1] to 2.8 [1.1], 1-5-point scale) and steady acceptability (2.2 [0.4] to 2.2 [0.4], 0-3-point scale). Electronic health records data demonstrated increases in the rate of patients retained in MOUD (m [SD] 59.5 [34.81] to 60.2 [35.35] proportion of days covered), adherence to MOUD (38.6 to 40.9%), clinic visits for MOUD (+ 100 encounters), and total patients treated per prescriber (m [SD] 12.9 [32.49] to 13.7 [35.07]) 1 year pre- vs 1 year post-launch, although statistical significance was not assessed.
conclusionsIntegrating pharmacists into MOUD care teams may improve feasibility and acceptability of MOUD in primary care. CLINICAL
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05310786, March 14, 2022.
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