Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42875483›Full record

ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2026

Distinct birth size and postnatal growth patterns in preterm twins and singletons: an etiology-based analysis from the INTERPRACTICE-21

Paola Roggero, Francesca Giuliani, Robert B Gunier, Adele Winsey, Stephen A Rauch, Montserrat Izquierdo Renau, Irma Alejandra Coronado Zarco, Shabina Ariff, Maria Albertina S Rego, Constanza Soto Conti and 21 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors.

Paola RoggeroNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Francesca GiulianiNeonatal Special Care Unit, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, Torino, Italy.
Robert B GunierCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Adele WinseyNuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-5020-3984
Stephen A RauchCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Montserrat Izquierdo RenauNeonatology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Deú, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4415-8099
Irma Alejandra Coronado ZarcoInstituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes", Mexico City, Mexico.
Shabina AriffDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-2662
Maria Albertina S RegoDepartment of Paediatrics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Constanza Soto ContiDivision Neonatología, Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sarda, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Roseline OchiengThe Aga Khan Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
Funda TuzunDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
Jacqueline AsibeyHoly Family Hospital, Techiman, Ghana.
Chandrakala Bada ShekharappaNeonatology Department, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-8102-4120
Alexandre LapillonneNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, APHP Hopital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris Cite University, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1872-4176
Gabriela TavcioskaGeneral Hospital with Extended Activity Prilep, Trajko Tarcan, North Macedonia.
Leila Cheikh IsmailDepartment of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.
Camilla MenisNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Marina MarkelovaFSBI National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Ricardo NietoDivision Neonatología, Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sarda, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Josephine N A Agyeman-DuahNuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Sonia DeantoniNeonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University of Turin, Turin, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8072-2593
Brenda Frias MadridInstituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes", Mexico City, Mexico.
Fabio MoscaNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Irina RyuminaFSBI National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Monica FumagalliNeonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Brenda EskenaziCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Zulfiqar BhuttaCenter for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Aris PapageorghiouNuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. aris.papageorghiou@wrh.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8143-2232
Stephen KennedyNuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jose VillarNuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Funding

Family Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation (Familie Larsson-Rosenquist Stiftung) p42Family Larsson-Rosenquist Foundation (Familie Larsson-Rosenquist Stiftung) P42
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveCompare birth size and postnatal growth between preterm twins and singletons across gestational age categories and etiologic subgroups. STUDY

designPreterm twins and singletons (n = 3245) were classified into nine subgroups based on predefined preterm birth etiologies. Postnatal growth (weight, length and head circumference) trajectories were evaluated using multilevel linear regression models accounting for repeated measurements, expressed as z-score changes from birth to hospital discharge based on INTERGROWTH-21

resultsTwins were significantly smaller at birth than singletons, particularly in late preterm category, but not in the very preterm category. Twin postnatal growth was slower (unadjusted models); most differences attenuated or reversed after adjusting for birth size and key covariates. Twins in the 'pre-eclampsia' subgroup showed greater adjusted postnatal weight, whereas weight gain was persistently lower in the 'perinatal sepsis' subgroup.

conclusionPreterm twins and singletons have distinct intrauterine and postnatal growth patterns, varying by preterm birth etiology and gestational age categories.

Identifiers

PMID42875483

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.