ArticleBiometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine2026
Elemental analysis in menstrual effluent of women with PCOS: association with oxidative stress mechanisms: a case-control study.
Article in Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Metal ions can disrupt antioxidant defenses, alter the endometrial environment, and contribute to its pathophysiology. To compare element levels in menstrual effluent (ME) between women with PCOS and healthy controls, and to assess their association with antioxidant defence mechanisms, a case-control study was conducted among women diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria. ME was collected and analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for elements. Antioxidant enzymes like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione (GSH), hydrogen sulfide (H
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