ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2026
Impact of urine concentration and automatic interpretation on sensitivity and specificity of Legionella BinaxNOW
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeUrinary antigen tests (UATs) are widely used for rapid diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease (LD), primarily detecting Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Strategies, such as urine concentration, were shown to improve performance but mostly in retrospective studies.
methodsWe evaluated the impact of urine concentration on the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the BinaxNOW
resultsWe found that urine concentration significantly increased sensitivity by 9% before heat treatment. Automated interpretation increased sensitivity by 16.3% in unconcentrated samples. Before heat treatment, specificity remained high with visual interpretation (100% unconcentrated) but slightly decreased with automated reading (98% unconcentrated). After heat treatment, specificity reached 100% for all methods. In LPS-spiked samples, automated interpretation improved analytical sensitivity by 2- to 10-fold, particularly for mAb 3/1-positive strains.
conclusionBoth urine concentration and automated interpretation with the Digival™ reader increased the sensitivity of the BinaxNOW
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