Observational studyAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026
Air pollution is associated with sex-specific longitudinal changes in astrocytic and neuroinflammatory processes linked to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease at-risk individuals.
Observational study in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02485730 (Cohort Study for Early Identification of Markers in Cognitively Healthy Family Members of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Cohort Study for Early Identification of Markers in Cognitively Healthy Family Members of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAir pollution is associated with dementia risk, but its role during preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear.
methodsWe examined long-term residential exposure to traffic-related air pollution in 226 cognitively unimpaired middle-aged individuals at increased risk of AD from the ALzheimer's and FAmilies ALFA+ cohort (a nested longitudinal cohort within the ALzheimer's and Families parent cohort). Participants underwent baseline and 3-year follow-up cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assessment of AD, neurodegeneration, astrocytic, microglial, and inflammatory biomarkers. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO
resultsSex-dependent associations were observed between air pollution exposure and CSF inflammatory and astrocytic biomarkers. Higher exposure was associated with longitudinal increases in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and interleukin (IL) -6, primarily in women. GFAP partially mediated associations between air pollution exposure and worsening executive and attentional performance. DISCUSSION: Findings support sex-specific astroglial and neuroinflammatory susceptibility to traffic-related air pollution in preclinical AD.
trial registrationThe ALFA+ study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (10-06-2015, identifier: NCT02485730).
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