Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42871945›Full record

ArticleJCPP advances2026

Association of socioeconomic factors on mental health in children and young people with intellectual developmental disabilities of genetic origin.

Irene O Lee, Jeanne Wolstencroft, Harriet Housby, Marianne B M van den Bree, Samuel J R A Chawner, Jeremy Hall, Michael J Owen, IMAGINE ID Consortium, David H Skuse

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JCPP advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Irene O LeePaediatric Mental Health Sciences Centre Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0004-6802
Jeanne WolstencroftPaediatric Mental Health Sciences Centre Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-9731
Harriet HousbyThe Division of Psychology and Language Sciences Faculty of Brain Sciences University College London London UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5770-8697
Marianne B M van den BreeCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-3254
Samuel J R A ChawnerCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2590-2874
Jeremy HallCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0403-3278
Michael J OwenCentre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-0862
IMAGINE ID Consortium
David H SkusePaediatric Mental Health Sciences Centre Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health University College London London UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7891-5732

Funding

7/9 Rare Genetic Disorders as a Window into the Genetic Architecture of Mental DisordersU01MH119758 · NIMH · CARDIFF UNIVERSITY · PI OWEN, MICHAEL JOHN, VAN DEN BREE, MARIANNE · 2019 to 2023
$1.4M
NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH119758Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Children and young people (CYP) with intellectual developmental disability (IDD) have a high prevalence of mental health and behavioural problems, which might be influenced by socioeconomical status as well as the severity of their disabilities. This is however an understudied topic, and the present study investigated the association between mental health and socioeconomic deprivation as well as severity/type of disability in CYP with IDD of genetic origin. Methods: Participants comprised a national cohort of 2778 participants with diagnosed genetic disorders associated with IDD, 10.1 ± 4.3 years of age (mean ± SD), 55.7% males. The cohort was linked to routinely collected UK school record data from the National Pupil Database. Socioeconomical status was assessed by free school meals (FSM) eligibility, the index of multiple deprivation (IMD), and parental educational level. IDD severity/type was reported by reviewing statements of primary special educational needs. Participant's mental health diagnoses were established by parental report using the Development and Well-Being Assessment. Parents also completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: Socioeconomic factors including lower parental education, greater deprivation (lower IMD decile) and FSM eligibility were associated with the higher prevalence of mental health disorders, as well as greater difficulties in emotional and behavioural adjustment (as measured by the SDQ). In contrast, IDD severity/type was not linked to diagnostic characteristics nor the prevalence of emotional and behavioural difficulties. Conclusion: This study revealed that CYP with IDD of genetic origin living in relatively deprived circumstances had a high risk of mental health disorders and poor emotional and behavioural adjustment, irrespective of the severity/type of their learning disabilities. Tackling deprivation (such as FSM as indicator for targeted additional support) and enhancing access to support services (e.g., psychotherapy) could be by implication key strategies to improve the mental health of this vulnerable population with IDD of genetic aetiology.

Indexed as

children and young peopleemotional and behavioural adjustmentintellectual developmental disabilitymental healthprevalencesocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID42871945
PMCPMC13661137

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.