ArticleInternational journal of dentistry2026
Effect of Airborne Particle Abrasion and Nitric-Hydrofluoric Acid Etching on the Mechanical and Structural Properties of 3Y- and 5Y-TZP Zirconia.
Article in International journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Surface treatment is essential for optimizing zirconia bonding, but conventional airborne-particle abrasion (APA) may compromise its mechanical properties, particularly in highly translucent materials. Nitric-hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching has recently emerged as a potential alternative, yet its influence on the surface characteristics and mechanical performance of different zirconia generations remains inadequately understood. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of APA and nitric-HF etching on the surface roughness, crystalline structure, and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) and 5 mol% Y-TZP (5Y-TZP) zirconia. Methods: Ninety-six disc-shaped specimens (10 mm diameter × 1.5 mm thickness) were milled from 3Y-TZP (ZI) ( Results: APA-120 showed the highest Ra values (ZI = 1.09 ± 0.29 µm; FX = 0.69 ± 0.12 µm), significantly higher than those of all other treatments ( Conclusions: APA with 120 µm Al
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