ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2026
Isometric trunk strength in seated para-athletes: relationship to manual muscle testing and comparison with non-impaired controls.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Trunk muscle strength is an important performance indicator in para-athletes competing in seated sports and is commonly assessed in classification systems using manual muscle testing (MMT), together with functional and sport-specific tests. Quantitative isometric strength measures may provide complementary information about force-generating capacity. However, the relationship between isometric trunk strength and MMT-assessed trunk and hip strength is not well described in para-athletes with neuromusculoskeletal impairments. This study aimed to examine isometric trunk strength in seated para-athletes and compare it with 1) MMT scores of the trunk and hips and 2) isometric trunk strength in a reference group without physical impairments. Methods: Male para-athletes competing in seated sports ( Results: Higher MMT Trunk-Hip scores were associated with greater maximal isometric trunk strength in all movement directions ( Conclusion: MMT Trunk-Hip scores were strongly associated with isometric trunk strength in seated para-athletes, supporting MMT's ability to capture meaningful differences in trunk and hip muscle strength. However, direction-specific variation indicates that MMT does not fully characterize force-generating capacity. Quantitative isometric strength testing may provide complementary information for evaluating and monitoring trunk strength, particularly for performance enhancement. In para-sport classification, these findings support the construct validity of MMT while highlighting the potential value of quantitative strength measures for developing and validating multidimensional assessment methods.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.