ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave "Near-Total Ablation" for refractory hyperthyroidism: a retrospective study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: The current study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave "Near-Total Ablation" in the treatment of refractory hyperthyroidism, with a particular focus on the postoperative drug-free euthyroidism rate and the incidence of hypothyroidism. Methods: A total of 60 patients with refractory hyperthyroidism who met the clinical diagnostic criteria for refractory hyperthyroidism were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent ultrasound-guided microwave "Near-Total Ablation" targeting the bilateral thyroid lobes and isthmus. Results: Of the 60 enrolled patients, 57 were included in the postoperative follow-up, while 3 were excluded. The postoperative follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 36 months, with a mean of 10.6 ± 4.6 months. During follow-up, 35 patients achieved hyperthyroidism remission (remission group), with a remission rate of 61.4%, while 22 patients had unrelieved hyperthyroidism (non-remission group), with a non-remission rate of 38.6%. In the remission group, 4 patients with decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and 8 patients with recurrent hyperthyroidism received one session of supplementary ablation. In the non-remission group, 18 patients received one session of supplementary ablation, 3 patients received two sessions, and 1 patient received three sessions. At the final follow-up, the remission rate of hyperthyroidism was 98.2% (56/57), with a non-remission rate of 1.8% (1/57). The rate of drug-free euthyroidism was 68.4% (39/57), and the incidence of hypothyroidism was 29.8% (17/57). The recurrence rate of hyperthyroidism was 17.5%, and the incidence of major complications was 3.5% (2/57). Conclusion: Microwave "Near-Total Ablation" is a safe and effective method for the treatment of refractory hyperthyroidism, with a high postoperative euthyroidism rate and a low incidence of hypothyroidism. This technique is expected to become an alternative to surgical thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism.
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