Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42870454›Full record

ReviewJournal of microbiology and biotechnology2026

The Oral Virome in Dental Caries: From Ecological Disruptors to Therapeutic Opportunities.

El-Sayed Khafagy, Gillan I El-Kimary, Ahmed Al Saqr, Wael A H Hegazy

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of microbiology and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

El-Sayed KhafagyDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Gillan I El-KimaryDepartment of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed Al SaqrDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Wael A H HegazyDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dental caries results from ecological dysbiosis of oral biofilms driven by frequent sugar exposure, yet the role of viruses, particularly bacteriophages, in this process remains underexplored. This review synthesizes current evidence on how the oral virome contributes to caries pathogenesis and examines emerging phage-based therapeutic strategies. The oral cavity harbors diverse viral communities, including eukaryotic viruses (herpesviruses, papillomaviruses) and prokaryotic viruses (bacteriophages). While herpesviruses like EBV, CMV, and HSV-1 do not directly demineralize teeth, they may act as ecological stressors by modulating host immunity, altering gingival crevicular fluid composition, and promoting inflammation that favors cariogenic bacterial activity. Bacteriophages function as key ecological regulators through "kill-the-winner" dynamics, maintaining microbial diversity by preying on dominant species. However, temperate phages can horizontally transfer genes encoding acidogenicity, biofilm formation, or antibiotic resistance, potentially accelerating dysbiosis. Metagenomic studies reveal distinct salivary phage signatures associated with caries, suggesting diagnostic potential. Preclinical evidence demonstrates that lytic phages targeting Streptococcus mutans (

Indexed as

Dental CariesMouthViromeAnimalsBacteriophagesBiofilmsDysbiosisHumansMicrobiotaStreptococcus mutansBacteriophagesDental cariesEcological dysbiosisEnzybioticsOral viromePhage therapy

Identifiers

PMID42870454

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.