Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42870233›Full record

Observational studyBMC psychiatry2026

Longitudinal changes in PCOS-related reproductive and metabolic markers in female patients with bipolar disorder: a six-month observational study.

Jieyu Liu, Jing Huang, Ziwei Teng, Yusi Fu, Yan Tan, Yue Qin, Haiyu Chen, Minghui Liu, Jindong Chen, Haishan Wu and 2 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jieyu LiuDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Guilin Hospital of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Guilin, 541001, China.
Jing HuangDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Ziwei TengDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Yusi FuDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Yan TanDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Yue QinDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Haiyu ChenDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Minghui LiuDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Jindong ChenDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Haishan WuDepartment of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Ying WuDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China. biovivian@126.com.
Guotao WangDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China. wanggt6@csu.edu.cn.

Funding

Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China 2025JJ80494
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesFemale patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have a relatively high burden of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related reproductive abnormalities. This six-month longitudinal observational study aimed to examine changes in PCOS incidence and PCOS-related reproductive and metabolic markers in drug-naive female patients with BD managed without medication, with valproate (VPA), or with non-VPA mood stabilizers.

methodsA total of 72 drug-naive female outpatients with BD were recruited, and 50 patients ultimately completed the six-month follow-up. At the baseline and six-month time points, the menstrual status of each subject was recorded, the levels of sex hormones and routine metabolic indicators were measured, and ovarian ultrasound examinations were performed. The diagnosis of PCOS was carried out according to the Rotterdam criteria.

resultsAfter six months, no statistically significant increase in PCOS incidence was observed in any treatment group. In the No-Drug group, PCOS incidence and related reproductive indicators did not significantly worsen. In the VPA group, PCOS incidence showed a nonsignificant numerical increase, while oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and free androgen index (FAI) increased significantly after follow-up. These findings suggest longitudinal changes in PCOS-related reproductive markers.

conclusionsIn this exploratory six-month longitudinal observational study, early-stage female BD patients with relatively mild symptoms did not show a statistically significant increase in PCOS incidence when untreated. VPA treatment was associated with significant increases in oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, AMH, and FAI, suggesting changes in PCOS-related reproductive markers. These findings support careful reproductive and metabolic monitoring when VPA is prescribed to women with BD, while larger and longer-term studies are needed to clarify the long-term clinical trajectory of these reproductive marker changes.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderPolycystic Ovary SyndromeAdultAndrogensAntimanic AgentsAnti-Mullerian HormoneBiomarkersFemaleHumansIncidenceLongitudinal StudiesValproic AcidYoung AdultAndrogensAntimanic AgentsAnti-Mullerian HormoneBiomarkersValproic AcidBipolar disorder (BD)HormonesPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Reproductive indicatorsValproate (VPA)

Identifiers

PMID42870233
PMCPMC13663308

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.