ArticlePLOS global public health2026
Mass azithromycin distribution and nutritional status among children aged 1-59 months: A secondary analysis of a cluster randomized trial.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03676764 (Community Health Azithromycin Trial in Burkina Faso), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Community Health Azithromycin Trial in Burkina Faso
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
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Abstract
Twice yearly distribution of azithromycin has been shown to reduce all-cause child mortality in several contexts. Azithromycin likely reduces mortality via reduction in clinical or subclinical infections. Treating infections may improve child nutritional status to further reduce mortality risk. Here, we used data from a placebo-controlled cluster randomized trial of azithromycin for prevention of child mortality in Burkina Faso to evaluate the effects of twice-yearly azithromycin on mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) in children aged 1-59 months and weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) in infants aged 1-11 months. The Child Health with Azithromycin Trial (CHAT) was a 1:1 cluster randomized trial of twice-yearly azithromycin compared to matching placebo for prevention of all-cause mortality in children aged 1-59 months. Measurements were collected every 6 months, including MUAC measurements in all children and weight measurements in infants aged 1-11 months to calculate weight-based dosing. We evaluated MUAC and WAZ at the community level and longitudinally at the individual child level, accounting for the cluster randomized design of the trial. 80,282 children aged 1-59 months, of whom 26,983 were infants aged 1-11 months, in 284 communities were included in analyses. At the community level, we found no evidence of a difference in mean MUAC or WAZ after 36 months or over time. There was no evidence of a difference in change over time in MUAC (P-value for interaction = 0.94) or WAZ (P = 0.18) at the individual level. We found no evidence to support an effect of twice-yearly mass azithromycin distribution on measures of undernutrition in children in this setting in Burkina Faso.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03676764.
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