Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42867997›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of frailty & aging2026

Association of alkaline phosphatase and segmented neutrophils count with low appendicular lean mass in middle-aged women: Evidence from an American cross-sectional survey.

Shanlan Yang, Jiaofeng Wang, Dayoung Kim, Han Xu, Sheng Zhou, Fan Yang, Zhijun Bao

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of frailty & aging, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shanlan YangDepartment of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
Jiaofeng WangDepartment of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
Dayoung KimDepartment of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
Han XuDepartment of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
Sheng ZhouDepartment of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
Fan YangDepartment of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.. Electronic address: fdyangfan@fudan.edu.cn.
Zhijun BaoDepartment of Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Research Center on Aging and Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.; Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.. Electronic address: zhijunbao@fudan.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesSarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of frailty, falls, and mortality. Women exhibit distinct characteristics in appendicular lean mass and metabolism compared with men, and hormonal changes may further accelerate appendicular lean mass. This study aimed to identify key blood biomarkers associated with appendicular lean muscle mass index adjusted by body mass index (ALMBMI) in women and to explore their potential relationship with chronic inflammation.

methodsBased on NHANES 2015-2018 data from middle-aged women, the ALMBMI was calculated. A multimodal machine learning framework was constructed using elastic net logistic regression and generalized linear models (GLMs) to screen core variables affecting ALMBMI. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) jointly determined variable weights and effect directions, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models characterized dose-response curves to identify key blood indicators and their magnitudes of change associated with low appendicular lean mass risk.

resultsA total of 1,082 participants were included in this study. Following variable screening, 12 variables were identified as significantly associated with ALMBMI. WQS regression indicated that segmented neutrophil count (weight: 0.25) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (weight: 0.22) were the predominant factors associated with low ALMBMI. BKMR analysis, which assesses all variables jointly, identified segmented neutrophil count (36.0%), and ALP (27.6%) as the core variables. RCS analysis revealed that segmented neutrophil count and alkaline phosphatase showed an L-shaped trend with ALMBMI, with inflection points at 4.00 (1000 cells/μL) and 76.00 IU/L, respectively. In each case, the curves plateaued to the right of the inflection point. Relative to participants classified as having low ALMBMI according to FNIH criteria, those with normal ALMBMI exhibited reductions of 16.01% in ALP and 11.17% in segmented neutrophil count, respectively.

conclusionAmong middle-aged women, higher segmented neutrophil count and ALP levels were identified as positive correlates of low ALMBMI, with both biomarkers demonstrating threshold phenomena. Such hematological alterations are consistent with chronic low-grade inflammation, underscoring their potential utility in early sarcopenia screening and prevention.

Indexed as

Alkaline phosphataseAppendicular lean massMachine learningMiddle-aged womenSegmented neutrophils count

Identifiers

PMID42867997
PMCPMC13685937

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.