ArticleGland surgery2026
Clinical application of vacuum sealing drainage in patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.
Article in Gland surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic inflammatory breast disease with an unclear etiology. Patients with IGM remain at risk of recurrence even after clinical cure. We assessed the long-term clinical outcomes of segmental mastectomy paired with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD)-based integrated wound management for IGM patients eligible for surgical intervention. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups according to the clinical treatment protocol: 87 patients underwent segmental mastectomy combined with VSD (VSD comprehensive group), and 63 underwent segmental mastectomy combined with conventional drainage (conventional drainage group). Postoperative pain score, number of dressing changes, incision healing time, length of hospital stay, hospitalization cost, breast morphology, and 2-year recurrence rate were compared between groups. Results: Compared with the conventional drainage group, the VSD comprehensive group had a significantly lower 2-year recurrence rate [4.59% Conclusions: Segmental mastectomy paired with VSD-based integrated wound management was associated with improved breast morphology and a lower 2-year postoperative recurrence rate in patients with IGM, although early postoperative recovery was slower and hospitalization cost was higher.
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