Trial reportFrontiers in nutrition2026
The effect of macular carotenoids and omega-3 supplementation on performance in precision sports: the sport nutrition intervention in performance exercise (SNIPE) study.
Trial report in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Macular carotenoids improve visual performance in healthy individuals, but these benefits have yet to be tested on athletes. The SNIPE study examined how the macular carotenoids [lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), meso-zeaxanthin (MZ)] with omega-3 fatty acids (ω3) impact visual functions and sports performance in precision sports. Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 67 athletes and players randomly received either an active supplement containing L, Z, MZ + ω3 (the formulation), or a placebo containing sunflower oil over a 9 month period. Key measurements included blood serum L, Z and MZ concentrations, skin carotenoid score (SCS), visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS), subjective visual function, sleep health (SH), and sport specific performance tests during simulated competitions. Results: Results showed that the active group, compared to placebo, exhibited statistically significant improvements in L (88%), Z (107%), MZ (0 to 0.226 μmol/L) blood concentrations, SCS (25%), CS at 6 cpd during dim condition ( Conclusion: The study provides novel evidence that supplementing with carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids enhances visual function and sports performance in precision sport athletes and players. Further research should attempt to identify the exact mechanisms by which these nutrients are enhancing visual function. These findings highlight the opportunity to add these complementary bioactive nutrients of the eye and brain to athletes' diets to help achieve peak performance in sports. Clinical trial registration: https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN18761383, ISRCTN18761383.
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