ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026
Genomic characteristics of a carbapenem-resistant NDM-1-producing
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objective: This study aims to clarify the drug resistance characteristics and genomic background of bile-derived NDM-1-producing Methods: A bile-derived LHL25108073- Results: This isolate was identified to be ST2281, a sequence type rarely reported across clinical, environmental, and agricultural sources, with a genome size of 4,885,524 bp and a GC content of 61.27%, carrying one chromosome (4,687,937 bp) and one drug-resistant plasmid (197,587 bp). A total of 58 high-confidence virulence genes were detected, covering common flagella, polar flagella, lateral flagella, type IV pili, Msh pili, type VI/II secretion system (T6SS/T2SS), heme-uptake systems, Endotoxins, and hemolysin, forming multiple pathogenic mechanisms. Among 14 drug resistance genes, the carbapenem-resistant NDM-1 gene was highly consistent with the genotype, only sensitive to a few drugs such as amikacin and aztreonam, based on the results of drug susceptibility tests. The drug-resistant plasmid could not autonomously conjugate and transfer due to the loss of the oriT site and was untypable by conventional plasmid typing. This plasmid shared 99-100% homology in the resistance core regions with two NDM-1-carrying Conclusion: This study characterizes the molecular profiles of an extraintestinal, bile-derived NDM-1-producing
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