Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42866176›Full record

ArticleIJTLD open2026

Availability of genotypic and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing for

C U Köser, D K Paspaliari, A M Cabibbe, D M Cirillo, A Yedilbayev, S Ehsani

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in IJTLD open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

C U KöserDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
D K PaspaliariEuropean Laboratory Initiative on TB, HIV and Viral Hepatitis, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
A M CabibbeEmerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
D M CirilloEuropean Laboratory Initiative on TB, HIV and Viral Hepatitis, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
A YedilbayevPandemic Threats, Communicable Diseases and Antimicrobial Resistance Unit, Health Security Division, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
S EhsaniEuropean Laboratory Initiative on TB, HIV and Viral Hepatitis, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe WHO European Region has the highest rates of drug-resistant TB globally. Therefore, we studied the availability of genotypic and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST), including targeted next-generation sequencing and whole genome sequencing, for first- and second-line drugs.

methodIn 2024, the results of an online survey completed by national and supranational reference laboratories (or equivalent) of 53 countries, territories, and areas of the WHO European Region were reviewed. The availability of DST was analysed using three denominators: 1) the number of countries, territories, and areas for all drugs; 2) the estimated 2024 TB incidence for first-line drugs, including fluoroquinolones; and 3) the estimated 2024 rifampicin-resistant TB incidence for the remaining drugs.

resultsThe most important gap in the availability of DST was for pretomanid, the most recently approved anti-TB drug: phenotypic DST was only available for 4% of the estimated incident cases of rifampicin-resistant TB in countries where pretomanid is approved or used programmatically. This contrasted with an availability of phenotypic DST of >98% for bedaquiline, delamanid, and linezolid.

conclusionThe delay between the introduction of novel drugs and the availability of robust DST services should be minimised to avoid intrinsic and selected resistance to novel drugs going unnoticed.

Indexed as

drug resistanceDSTgenotypic and phenotypic drug susceptibility testingMycobacterium tuberculosistuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID42866176
PMCPMC13657020

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.