Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42865840›Full record

ArticleHealth affairs scholar2026

Effects of the enhanced nurse licensure compact on interstate mobility and nursing employment.

Hong-Lun Tiunn, Qian Eric Luo, Jordan Herring, Patricia Pittman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health affairs scholar, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hong-Lun TiunnFitzhugh Mullan Institute for Health Workforce Equity, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-0901
Qian Eric LuoFitzhugh Mullan Institute for Health Workforce Equity, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3413-9727
Jordan HerringDepartment of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1995
Patricia PittmanFitzhugh Mullan Institute for Health Workforce Equity, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2794-6528

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The United States continues to face persistent nursing shortages, even as many licensed nurses are not employed in nursing roles. The enhanced Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC 2.0), a mutual licensure recognition agreement, is promoted as a strategy to increase workforce supply and flexibility, yet no prior research has assessed whether it helps licensed but nonpracticing nurses return to the profession. Methods: Using American Community Survey data (2010-2023) and state-level licensure and employment data (2015-2023), we evaluated whether NLC 2.0 adoption is associated with changes in interstate registered nurse (RN) inflows and in the license-employment mismatch-the share of active licenses not linked to payroll nursing employment-across 26 states. Results: We found no statistically significant effect on interstate migration (+0.27 percentage points; Conclusion: These findings suggest that while the compact does not draw nurses across state lines, it is associated with more licensed nurses working in nursing within adopting states. Licensure reform may therefore be one component of a broader strategy to support nurses' return to bedside roles.

Indexed as

nurse licensure compactnursing shortagenursing workforceoccupational licensing

Identifiers

PMID42865840
PMCPMC13655451

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.