ArticleBrain communications2026
Longitudinal associations between physical activity and cognition post-stroke: the Nor-COAST study.
Article in Brain communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Previous research has been inconsistent regarding the longitudinal relationship between physical activity and cognition after a stroke. In this study, we hypothesized that (i) higher levels of objectively measured daily step counts would be associated with better cognitive function at a group level (between-person level), and (ii) at an individual level, changes from expected step counts would be bi-directionally associated with changes from expected cognitive performance (within-person level) at the same and subsequent time points. We used data from 468 participants of the Norwegian Cognitive Impairment after Stroke study (Nor-COAST), a large multicentre cohort study with follow-up at 3, 18 and 36 months post-stroke. At each follow-up, average step count over 7 days was recorded using accelerometers, and cognitive performance was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A, TMT-B), and the Word List Memory and Recall Test (delayed recall). Adjusted random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) were implemented. One RI-CLPM was built for each cognitive outcome, separating between- from within-person associations. To balance baseline characteristics of included and excluded participants in Nor-COAST and to account for selection bias, inverse probability weighting was performed using age, sex, and baseline functional independence. Between-persons, we found a time-invariant association between step count and TMT-A (
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