ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2026
The chain-mediating effect of societal pressure on appearance and body image on fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a cross-lagged panel analysis.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: (Prospective Longitudinal Observational Study) This study aimed to examine the longitudinal chain mediating roles of physical appearance social pressure and body image in the relationship between fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and social anxiety among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to clarify the temporal sequencing among these variables. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to recruit 264 women with PCOS. Participants completed the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 Revised (SATAQ-4R), Body Image States Scale (BISS), Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE), and Social Anxiety Scale (SAS) at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2), yielding 242 valid cases. Data were analyzed using measurement invariance testing, cross-lagged panel analysis (CLPA), and bootstrapping. Results: Full measurement invariance was established across the three timepoints (ΔCFI ≤0.01, ΔTLI ≤0.01). The final CLPA model demonstrated excellent fit (CFI = 0.988, TLI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.023, 90% CI: 0.021-0.026). T0 FNE positively predicted T1 appearance social pressure (β = 0.25, P <0.001) and T1 SA (β = 0.23, P <0.001), and negatively predicted T1 body image (β = -0.19, P <0.001). T1 appearance social pressure positively predicted T2 SA (β = 0.22, P <0.001). T1 body image negatively predicted T2 SA (β = -0.18, P <0.01). T1 SA positively predicted T2 FNE (β = 0.13, P <0.001). Bootstrap analyses revealed significant indirect effects via T1 appearance social pressure (β = 0.055, 95% CI: 0.028-0.082) and T1 body image (β = 0.034, 95% CI: 0.015-0.053), as well as a significant chain mediation effect (β = 0.018, 95% CI: 0.007-0.029). Conclusion: Longitudinal evidence supports a chain mediating pathway wherein elevated fear of negative evaluation at baseline is prospectively associated with subsequent increases in appearance social pressure and declines in body image, which in turn correspond to higher levels of social anxiety in women with PCOS. Findings support the potential utility of early psychological screening and targeted interventions addressing maladaptive cognitions and body image disturbances, although causal efficacy requires validation via randomized controlled trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.