ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2026
Assessing the Effectiveness of Bupivacaine for Managing Pain Post-rhinoplasty: A Triple-blinded Controlled Clinical Trial.
Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundRhinoplasty is often accompanied by significant postoperative pain, making effective pain management crucial for enhancing patient satisfaction and facilitating recovery. This study evaluates the effectiveness of bupivacaine, a long-acting local anesthetic, in managing postoperative pain for patients undergoing rhinoplasty.
methodsA randomized triple-blind controlled clinical trial was conducted involving 220 participants aged 17 to 50 years, classified as ASA I. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control (no bupivacaine), injection (4 ml of bupivacaine via nerve block), topical (bupivacaine-soaked mesh placed in the nostrils), and combination (both topical and injection). Pain levels were assessed at 1, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included analgesic consumption, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and patient complications.
resultsA total of 212 patients completed the study. At 1, 6, 24, and 72 h post-surgery, the topical group reported significantly lower pain levels compared to other groups. Analgesic consumption was significantly lower in both the injection and combination groups. Additionally, the combination group had lower rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting and reported higher overall satisfaction, with 79.2% rating their experience as "better than they expected" (p = 0.020).
conclusionThe use of bupivacaine, especially when applied combined, through both topical and injection methods, greatly improves pain management after rhinoplasty. This technique not only decreases pain and the need for analgesics but also enhances patient satisfaction and reduces side effects. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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