Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42864539›Full record

ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2026

Efficacy Analysis of Transconjunctival Blepharoplasty Combined with Nanofat Grafting in Correcting Tear Trough Deformity.

Lu Wang, Zexin Chen, Zixin Chai, Yuchen Fan, Xiang Li, Dachun Chen, Fengqin Miao, Fangfang Guo

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Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lu WangDepartment of Medical, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Zexin ChenDepartment of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Zixin ChaiDepartment of Medical, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Yuchen FanDepartment of Medical, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Xiang LiDepartment of Medical, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Dachun ChenDepartment of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated with Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaoqiao street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Fengqin MiaoDepartment of Medical, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. 101006402@seu.edu.cn.
Fangfang GuoDepartment of Medical, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. anyeguofangfang@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2263-9211

Funding

Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Development Program of Jiangsu Province MS2024137the Grant from General Program of the Natural Science Foundation of China 82371164
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTear trough deformity often coexists with lower eyelid bags. While transconjunctival blepharoplasty combined with autologous fat grafting is effective, the optimal preparation method-conventional fat versus nanofat-remains unclear. This study compares the efficacy and safety of these two techniques.

methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on 87 patients who underwent transconjunctival blepharoplasty combined with either granular fat (Group A, n = 41) or nanofat grafting (Group B, n = 46). Outcomes were assessed at 6 months postoperatively using patient satisfaction scores, Barton grade improvement, tear trough height-to-palpebral fissure width (TTDH/PFW) ratio, lower eyelid pigmentation scores, and complication rates.

resultsBoth groups showed significant improvement. However, for mild-to-moderate deformity, Group B demonstrated superior outcomes: higher patient satisfaction (P < 0.001), greater reduction in TTDH/PFW (P < 0.05), and significant improvement in lower eyelid pigmentation (P < 0.001). Group B also had a significantly lower complication rate. No significant difference was found for severe deformity.

conclusionFor mild-to-moderate tear trough deformity, nanofat grafting combined with transconjunctival blepharoplasty provides more effective and comprehensive correction-improving contour, reducing pigmentation, and resulting in fewer complications-compared to conventional macrofat grafting. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

Fat graftLower transconjunctival eyelid blepharoplastyNanofatTear trough deformity

Identifiers

PMID42864539

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.