Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42862366›Full record

Observational studyWorld journal of urology2026

Stage-specific prognostic value of PSA in prostate cancer: a multicentre KAMU-ON study.

Hiroaki Iwamoto, Kouji Izumi, Kazuaki Machioka, Ren Toriumi, Takashi Shima, Masakazu Nozaki, Tomohiro Hori, Takahiro Inaba, Ryunosuke Nakagawa, Taiki Kamijima and 10 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in World journal of urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Hiroaki IwamotoDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Kouji IzumiDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan. azuizu2003@yahoo.co.jp.
Kazuaki MachiokaDepartment of Urology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Ren ToriumiDepartment of Urology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Takashi ShimaDepartment of Urology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Masakazu NozakiDepartment of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
Tomohiro HoriDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Takahiro InabaDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Ryunosuke NakagawaDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Taiki KamijimaDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Suguru KadomotoDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Tomoyuki MakinoDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Renato NaitoDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Hiroshi YaegashiDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Kazuyoshi ShigeharaDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Takahiro NoharaDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Tohru MiyagiDepartment of Urology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
Chikashi SetoDepartment of Urology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Yoshifumi KadonoDepartment of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
Atsushi MizokamiDepartment of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University , Takaramachi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo evaluate whether the prognostic value of initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) differs according to disease stage in patients with prostate cancer.

methodsThis multicentre retrospective cohort study used data from the Kaga Million Uro-Oncology Network (KAMU-ON) registry. Patients diagnosed between 1993 and 2024 with available data on overall survival, initial PSA, Grade Group, and disease stage were included. Disease stage was classified as localised, nonmetastatic advanced, or metastatic. Restricted cubic spline analyses and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models evaluated stage-specific associations between PSA and overall survival.

resultsAmong 7747 patients, 5578 had localised disease, 1223 had nonmetastatic advanced disease, and 946 had metastatic disease. The median follow-up was 58.0 months. PSA-survival associations differed significantly across disease stages (P for interaction = 0.0014). In localised disease, mortality risk increased progressively with higher PSA levels. In nonmetastatic advanced disease, the association was attenuated. In metastatic disease, a non-linear association was observed, with increased mortality risk at both lower and higher PSA levels. Patients with metastatic disease and PSA < 3.5 ng/mL had a higher estimated mortality risk than those with PSA 3.5-<10 ng/mL (adjusted HR 5.86, 95% CI 2.22-15.43), although this subgroup comprised only eight patients.

conclusionThe prognostic value of initial PSA appeared to differ according to disease stage. These findings generate the hypothesis that low PSA may have different prognostic implications across disease stages. External validation is required, particularly for the very low-PSA metastatic subgroup.

Indexed as

Prostate-Specific AntigenProstatic NeoplasmsAgedHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateProstate-Specific AntigenDisease stageOverall survivalPrognostic valueProstate cancerProstate-specific antigenRisk stratification

Identifiers

PMID42862366

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.