Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42860812›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID2026

What Makes Community Inclusion Work for Older Adults With an Intellectual Disability? An Application of the Normalisation Process Theory.

L Taggart, A Campbell, I Doherty, K Ensue, H Ahmed, A Hanna, L Armstrong, B Bunting, A Ryan, C O'Neill and 6 more

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Article in Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

L TaggartQueen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0954-2127
A CampbellQueen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7328-1657
I DohertyUniversity College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6148-0624
K EnsueUniversity College London, London, UK.
H AhmedUniversity College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0907-3060
A HannaVolunteer Now, Belfast, UK.
L ArmstrongVolunteer Now, Belfast, UK.
B BuntingUlster University, Derry, UK.
A RyanUlster University, Derry, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4856-0798
C O'NeillQueen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
M ClarkeQueen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2926-7257
B LeahyCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
S WillisCentral and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
J SchofieldCompass Advocacy Network Limited, Ballymoney, Northern Ireland, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6042-9896
R StancliffeThe University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4265-7433
A HassiotisUniversity College London, London, UK.

Funding

National Institute for Health and Care Research NIHR129125
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOlder adults with intellectual disability experience high levels of loneliness and social exclusion. MATILDA is a community-based intervention supporting participation in mainstream community groups through volunteer mentors.

aimTo use Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) to explore the processes, mechanisms, and barriers influencing implementation and sustainability.

methodsA qualitative study (focus groups and interviews with 29 adults with intellectual disability, volunteer mentors, intellectual disability staff, and community-group managers) across two UK sites. Data analysed using an NPT-informed framework.

findingsImplementation was supported through sense-making, engagement, collective action, and appraisal. Key mechanisms included Volunteer Co-ordinators, mentor support, participant-group matching, adaptable community groups, and strong relationships. Community inclusion emerged as relational work. Staffing pressures, transport difficulties, and resource constraints limited participation for some individuals.

conclusionsMATILDA shows potential as a sustainable community inclusion intervention. Successful implementation depends on programme components and the relational and organisational work needed to support participation and belonging.

trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN15294181. Registered 20th December 2022, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN15294181.

Indexed as

Intellectual DisabilityMentorsSocial InclusionAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychological TheoryQualitative ResearchSocial GroupVolunteerscommunity groupsintellectual disabilityMATILDA interventionmechanismsnormalisation process theorysocial processes

Identifiers

PMID42860812
PMCPMC13655481

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.