ArticleJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2026
Analysis of the evolving disease burden of female infertility and its associated risk factors.
Article in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe global burden of female infertility is increasing, yet the roles of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and circadian syndrome (CircS) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to describe the global disease burden of female infertility and examine the associations between MetS, CircS, and infertility.
methodsGlobal Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 data were used to assess trends in infertility prevalence. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to evaluate associations between metabolic status and infertility using weighted logistic regression.
resultsThe global number of women with infertility nearly doubled from 59.8 million in 1990 to 114.5 million in 2023 (ASR, + 25.27%), with the sharpest increase in Western Sub-Saharan Africa (247.6%). Both MetS (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.00-1.99) and CircS (OR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.04-2.07) were associated with an elevated risk of infertility. The combined presence of MetS and CircS was also positively associated with infertility (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.04-2.18). Among women under 35 years of age, CircS (OR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.00-2.87) and the combination of both syndromes (OR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.02-3.10) were associated with an elevated risk of infertility. Elevated blood pressure was the individual component most strongly associated with infertility.
conclusionsThe global burden of female infertility is substantial. Both MetS and CircS are significant risk factors for infertility, with a stronger association for CircS among younger women. Elevated blood pressure showed the strongest association among the individual metabolic components. These findings support integrating metabolic and circadian risk assessment into infertility prevention strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42860480What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.