Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42859926›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society2026

Structural Vulnerability and the Pandemic: Widening Gaps in Nursing Home Antipsychotic Prescribing.

Adam J Funk, Roy T Sabo, Stephen Petterson, J William Kerns, Danya M Qato, Katherine M Winter, Nicole Brandt, Linda Wastila, YoonKyung Chung, Yu-Hua Fu and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Adam J FunkDepartment of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Public Health, Richmond, VA, USA.
Roy T SaboDepartment of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Public Health, Richmond, VA, USA.
Stephen PettersonDepartment of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
J William KernsDepartment of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
Danya M QatoPeter Lamy Center on Drug Therapy and Aging, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, VA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6355-1526
Katherine M WinterShenandoah University School of Nursing, Winchester, VA, USA.
Nicole BrandtPeter Lamy Center on Drug Therapy and Aging, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, VA, USA.
Linda WastilaPeter Lamy Center on Drug Therapy and Aging, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, VA, USA.
YoonKyung ChungHarvey L. Neiman Health Policy Institute, Reston, VA, USA.
Yu-Hua FuPeter Lamy Center on Drug Therapy and Aging, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, VA, USA.
Rebecca EtzDepartment of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
Alex H KristDepartment of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4060-9155
Jonathan D WinterDepartment of Family Medicine and Population Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8650-5066

Funding

Prescribing trends and associated outcomes of antiepileptic drugs and other psychoactive medications in US nursing homes surrounding the COVID-19 pandemicR01AG074358 · NIA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI Jonathan David Winter · 2022 to 2026
$3.6M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG074358
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To assess whether national reductions in antipsychotic prescribing in U.S. nursing homes were shared equitably or masked widening gaps between top and bottom performers, we examined distributional trends across facilities from 2013 to 2023 using national facility-level data (CMS Provider Data Catalog; LTCFocus). We modeled long-stay antipsychotic measure performance using linear quantile mixed regression, assessed mobility across performance quartiles with transition matrices, and evaluated facility characteristics associated with trajectories. From 2013 to 2019, prescribing fell across all quantiles, with the steepest reductions among the worst performers, narrowing gaps with the best. After 2020, progress diverged: lower-performing facilities experienced sharp setbacks while top performers maintained gains. Mobility analyses showed entrenched disadvantage, with bottom-quartile facilities disproportionately likely to remain there. Higher Medicaid share predicted decline, whereas higher star ratings predicted improvement. The pandemic reversed earlier equity gains, amplifying structural disparities and exposing unequal capacity to sustain improvement.

Indexed as

dementiadisparitiesnursing homespolicysocial determinants and drivers of health

Identifiers

PMID42859926
PMCPMC13671298

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.