Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42859267›Full record

ArticleIntensive care medicine experimental2026

Frontal cortical neuroinflammation and circulating biomarkers following cardiopulmonary bypass in sheep.

Taku Furukawa, Alemayehu H Jufar, Anton L Trask-Marino, Clive N May, Roger G Evans, Andrew D Cochrane, Bruno Marino, Peter R McCall, Sally G Hood, Jaishankar Raman and 14 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Intensive care medicine experimental, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Taku FurukawaFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Alemayehu H JufarFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Anton L Trask-MarinoFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Clive N MayFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Roger G EvansFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Andrew D CochraneFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Bruno MarinoCellsaving and Perfusion Resources, Melbourne, Australia.
Peter R McCallDepartment of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia.
Sally G HoodFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Jaishankar RamanFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Connie Pei Chen OwFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Lars I P SnelDepartment of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Scott AytonFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Ashenafi BetrieFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Linda CornthwaiteFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Munenori KusunokiFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Angela Connelly HufDepartment of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Dawoud AlMekhledFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Emily HadzajlicFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Adam SouthonFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Rinaldo BellomoDepartment of Critical Care, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Lachlan F MilesFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Lindsea Booth *Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Yugeesh R Lankadeva *Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia. yugeesh.lankadeva@florey.edu.au.

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council GNT118577
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCerebral hypoxia and neuroinflammation have been implicated in neurocognitive disorders following cardiac surgery, but their postoperative trajectory and relationship with circulating biomarkers are poorly defined. We investigated cerebral tissue oxygenation, neuroinflammation, and plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration over 4 weeks after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in sheep.

methodsSixteen adult Merino ewes underwent CPB with a 2-h aortic cross-clamp and recovered for either 48 h (n = 8) or 4 weeks (n = 8). Cerebral tissue oxygenation was monitored. Neuroinflammation was quantified by morphometric analyses of microglia and astrocytes in the frontal cortex in both CPB groups and a naïve control group (n = 8). Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured serially.

resultsCompared with pre-CPB baseline, cerebral tissue oxygenation did not change significantly in the 48-h or 4-week period. In the 48-h post-CPB group, microglial soma sphericity was reduced (0.79 ± 0.04 vs. 0.83 ± 0.02, P = 0.018) compared with naïve controls, indicating microglial activation. Astrocytic GFAP-positive area was also elevated (17 ± 2% vs. 10 ± 2%, P = 0.026). In the 4-week post-CPB group, these measures did not differ significantly from naïve controls. Plasma NfL rose from 138 [96-185] pg/mL at baseline to 198 [149-265] pg/mL at 48 h (P = 0.0007), while GFAP peaked at the end of CPB (14.4 [4.7-32.4] vs. 3.0 [1.3-4.5] pg/mL, P < 0.0001) and normalised by 48 h.

conclusionsCPB induced neuroinflammation characterised by frontal cortical microglial activation and astrogliosis, accompanied by temporal elevations in plasma GFAP and NfL. These findings identify microglial activation as a response to CPB in the setting of preserved tissue oxygenation and provide preliminary evidence of an association between perioperative neuroinflammatory changes and circulating biomarkers GFAP and NfL, supporting further investigation.

Identifiers

PMID42859267
PMCPMC13653855

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.