ReviewArchives of microbiology2026
Purpureocillium lilacinum and Pochonia chlamydosporia as biocontrol agents: a comparative review of efficacy, ecology, and integrated application.
Review in Archives of microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes cause annual global crop losses, driving the urgent demand for sustainable alternatives to synthetic nematicides to control them. Among biological control agents, Purpureocillium lilacinum and Pochonia chlamydosporia have emerged as the most promising egg-parasitic fungi. However, their comparative biology and deployment contexts remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on their taxonomy, ecology, molecular genomics, parasitism mechanisms, biocontrol efficacy and commercial formulations. Both fungi parasitize eggs of economically destructive genera, Meloidogyne, Heterodera, and Globodera, but differ fundamentally in their ecological niches, infection mechanisms, and molecular arsenals. P. lilacinum exhibits broader ecological versatility, infecting multiple nematode life stages and producing nematicidal leucinostatins, whereas P. chlamydosporia specializes in egg parasitism, establishes stable rhizosphere endophytism, and primes systemic plant defenses via pochonin metabolites. Comparative genomics revealed shared serine proteases and chitinolytic enzyme arsenals for eggshell penetration, alongside species-specific virulence determinants shaped by positive selection and gene duplication. Field and greenhouse studies have consistently demonstrated substantial suppression of nematode egg populations, although efficacy remains strongly dependent on the fungal isolate and environmental conditions. Integration with other biocontrol agents, organic amendments, and reduced-dose nematicides consistently outperformed single-agent applications. Emerging nanoemulsion and blastospore-based formulations show promise in overcoming the persistent challenges of UV sensitivity and shelf life instability. Rather than redundant alternatives, these fungi offer complementary biological solutions, providing a mechanistic rationale for combined deployment within crop-specific, integrated pest management frameworks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.