ReviewMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2026
Roles of meiotic and mitotic cohesin in stem cell gene regulation and genome stability.
Review in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Cohesin, a ring-shaped SMC complex, mediates sister-chromatid cohesion, DNA repair, and genome folding via loop extrusion. Pluripotent and somatic cells were thought to rely solely on mitotic cohesin (SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21, STAG1/STAG2), while meiosis-specific subunits (SMC1B, REC8, STAG3) were considered germline-restricted. This notion has been challenged, as transcriptomic, proteomic, and chromatin-based evidence shows REC8 and STAG3 are expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), assemble with core subunits like SMC3, and occupy genomic sites distinct from canonical RAD21-cohesin. Here, we compare meiotic and mitotic cohesin in subunit composition, expression, regulatory sensitivities, residence times, and removal mechanisms. We examine how each complex regulates enhancer-promoter communication, couples to the rapid pluripotent cell cycle, and how ESC gene-regulatory landscapes differ from differentiated fibroblasts. We extend the principle that cohesin is recruited by active
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