ArticleCureus2026
Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Knee Osteoarthritis: Prevalence, Functional association, and Therapeutic Consequences.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease and a leading cause of pain, disability, and impaired quality of life. Cardiovascular comorbidities (CVCs), particularly hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes, frequently coexist with KOA and may influence both disease burden and treatment options, especially the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CVCs in patients with KOA and evaluate their association with pain, functional impairment, and therapeutic management.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study including consecutive patients with radiographically confirmed KOA attending the Rheumatology A outpatient clinic at El Ayachi Hospital, Rabat-Salé, Morocco. Adults with inflammatory arthritis, previous major knee surgery, or post-traumatic osteoarthritis were excluded. Data collected included age, sex, disease duration, pain assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS), functional disability measured by the Lequesne index, cardiovascular comorbidities (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, coronary or vascular disease), and current treatments. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of at least one cardiovascular comorbidity. Comparisons were performed using the chi-square test or Student's t-test, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
resultsA total of 158 patients were included (mean age 62.3 ± 10.5 years; 125 (79.1%) women), with a median disease duration of seven years (IQR 4-12). Overall, 98 (62.0%) had at least one cardiovascular comorbidity. Hypertension was the most frequent (n=85; 53.8%), followed by diabetes mellitus (n=46; 29.1%) and dyslipidemia (n=41; 25.9%). Patients with CVCs had higher pain scores than those without (VAS: 6.8 ± 1.7 vs. 6.0 ± 1.8; p = 0.01). In contrast, they had significantly greater functional impairment (Lequesne index: 12.4 ± 4.2 vs. 10.3 ± 4.6; p = 0.004). Systemic NSAID use was significantly lower in patients with CVCs (31/98 (31.6%) vs. 33/60 (55.0%); p = 0.01), whereas no significant differences were observed for intra-articular corticosteroid injections or viscosupplementation.
conclusionCardiovascular comorbidities are highly prevalent in patients with KOA and are associated with greater functional disability and reduced use of systemic NSAIDs. These findings emphasize the need for routine cardiovascular risk assessment and individualized therapeutic strategies to optimize the management of patients with knee osteoarthritis.
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